Before you begin the actual upgrade procedure, you must perform a database backup. The backup procedure most appropriate for your situation depends on your environment, database configuration, and the upgrade path you choose. The steps described in this section should be regarded as recommendations to achieve a secure backup. If you have questions, do not hesitate to refer to the Oracle Server Administrator's.
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Login with the local administrator account.
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Have all connected users log out of your Smart Materials database.
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Launch Oracle Server Manager or Instance Manager.
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Shut down the database consistently, using either normal or immediate mode.
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Restart the instance using the restrict option to prevent normal users from connecting.
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Open a SQL Plus session against the database which should be exported.
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Create a directory into the database with this command:
Example:
create directory dpump as ‘D:\tmp‘;
This directory must exist on the file system.
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Now set the rights with this command:
Grant read,write on directory dpump to system;
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Open a Command Prompt window as an administrator.
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Set the oracle home of your database, for example:
set ORACLE_HOME= c:\oracle12c\ora12c_201_x_Sta
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Perform a full database export with the Oracle expdp tool (replace <system_pw> with the password of system user, and SID with the name (sid) of your database):
expdp system/<system_pw>@SID full=Y directory=dpump dumpfile=SID.dmp logfile=expdpSID.log
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Shut down the database.
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Perform a full cold backup, using redundant backup media (that is, do not use the same tape or hard disk that contains the export dump file created during the upgrade). Be sure to include all data files, all control file mirrors, all archived and online redo log files, and the instance initialization files.
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Store all backup media in a safe place.